Pan Shien

• He was born in Wu County, Jiangsu Province, originally from She County, Anhui Province, Qing Dynasty politician. In the 58th year of Qianlong (1793), he passed the imperial examination with top honors. During the Jiaqing era, he served as Jiudoku, Jiko Bachelor, and Tobe Shosho. During the Daoguang era, he served as the Minister of War Machinery, Wu Ying Hall University, and the General Manager of the Upper Bookstore, and was promoted to the rank of Tafu. Together with his cousin Pan Shih-hwan and his grandson Pan Zu-yin, he is known as one of the "three greats of Suzhou."

• relevant artists

  • Wang Chengpei

    Wang Chengpei (汪承霈), styled Chun Nong (春農), was born in Tang County, Zhejiang Province, with his ancestral home in Xiuning County, Anhui Province. He passed the provincial examination (xiangshi) in the 12th year of the Qianlong era (1747). Wang was skilled in poetry and classical prose, and he was also adept at painting landscapes, figures, and flowers.