Lu Runxiang

• Lu Jung-hwan (1841-1915), writing under the name Feng Shi, was born in Yuanhe (present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). In 1874, he is appointed as the Shandong government official in charge of Shandong studies and the Guozi government official in charge of ceremonies and drinks. Due to his mother's illness, he returned to Suzhou and worked in Suzhou. In 1911, when the royal family cabinet was established, he served as the president of the National Institute of Civil Affairs. Later, he was appointed as the Minister of the Ministry of Industry, the Minister of the Ministry of Bailiffs, the Minister of the Grand Council of State, the Grand Councilor of the Cabinet, and the Grand Councilor of the Tainan Pavilion. After the Xinhai Revolution, he remained at the court and served as Puyi's teacher.

• relevant artists

  • Xu Xingmin

  • Wang Yuanzhang

  • Bao Chengshan

  • Zhu Yizeng

    Zhu Yizeng, courtesy names Yansheng and Yansheng, was from Xinyang, Jiangsu. He passed the imperial examination and became a jinshi in the fourth year of the Tongzhi reign (1865), later being selected as a probationary official in the Hanlin Academy. Afterward, he held various positions, including censor, examiner for the imperial examination, and education commissioner in Fengtian. He also edited and self-published *Tingli Xuan Yinggao* (The Prints of the Listening Liyuan Studio).

  • Hong Jun

  • Wu Shixian

    Wu Shixian (1845-1916), named Qingyun and courtesy name Shixian, was born in Shangyuan (now Nanjing) and later resided in Shanghai. He was a prominent artist of the Shanghai School in modern Chinese painting. He was skilled in landscape painting, with his works featuring grand and mysterious scenery. After returning to China, his paintings, depicting mountains, forests, clouds, and shadows with exquisite detail, provided a new and fresh perspective to the viewers.